On 2 December 2024, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a significant rule to revoke food tolerances for the widely used insecticide chlorpyrifos, except for 11 specified crops. This move comes after a court ruling vacated an earlier EPA decision, reinstating tolerances for the chemical. The proposal aims to prioritise public health, particularly safeguarding children, while addressing legal and agricultural complexities.
Chlorpyrifos: A Controversial History
Chlorpyrifos, a powerful organophosphate pesticide, has been in use since 1965 for controlling various pests in agriculture. Its widespread use, however, has raised concerns due to its potential neurodevelopmental effects on children and other vulnerable populations. Legal and scientific debates about its safety have been ongoing for years.
Recent Legal Developments
In August 2021, the EPA revoked all chlorpyrifos tolerances based on health risks. However, a November 2023 decision by the US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit found the EPA's rule insufficiently considered modifying rather than revoking tolerances. This reinstated tolerances for chlorpyrifos and led to the EPA's current proposed rule.
The New Proposal
The new EPA proposal limits chlorpyrifos use to 11 food crops, including alfalfa, apples, citrus, and soybeans, while reducing the geographic scope of its application. This action is expected to decrease chlorpyrifos usage by 70% from historical levels. The EPA also highlighted its commitment to conducting ongoing risk assessments to refine pesticide safety standards.
Public and Industry Impact
Farmworker and public health advocates have applauded the restriction, emphasising the importance of protecting children from harmful exposure. However, some agricultural stakeholders argue that limited use on certain crops is essential to control pests effectively.
Next Steps
The EPA's proposed rule will be open for a 60-day public comment period before finalisation. The agency continues its broader registration review of chlorpyrifos, with an amended interim decision anticipated by 2026.
